Android Canvas和Bitmap结合绘图详解流程
目录
Rect/RectF
存储四个值的矩形类:左侧、顶部、右侧和底部。可用于直接在画布上绘制或仅用于存储要绘制的对象的大小。Rect和RectF类之间的区别在于 RectF 存储浮点值,而Rect类存储整数。
private static Bitmap createDrawableBitmap(Drawable drawable) {
int width = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth();
int height = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight();
if (width <= 0 || height <= 0) {
return null;
}
float scale = Math.min(1.0f, ((float) MAX_IMAGE_SIZE) / ((float) (width * height)));
if ((drawable instanceof BitmapDrawable) && scale == 1.0f) {
return ((BitmapDrawable) drawable).getBitmap();
}
int bitmapWidth = (int) (((float) width) * scale);
int bitmapHeight = (int) (((float) height) * scale);
Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmapWidth, bitmapHeight, Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
Rect existingBounds = drawable.getBounds();
int left = existingBounds.left;
int top = existingBounds.top;
int right = existingBounds.right;
int bottom = existingBounds.bottom;
drawable.setBounds(0, 0, bitmapWidth, bitmapHeight);
drawable.draw(canvas);
drawable.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
return bitmap;
}
Matrix
一个3 x 3的矩阵,用于存储可用于转换画布的信息。矩阵可以存储以下类型的变换信息:缩放、倾斜、旋转、平移。而每种变换方式都对应着三种方法:set方法将用新值替换当前的Matrix,不管之前Matrix的值是什么。pre和post 方法将在当前Matrix包含的任何内容之前或之后应用新的转换。
Matrix m = new Matrix();
m.setRotate(90);
m.setScale(3f,1f);
m.setTranslate(200, 200);
只有平移,旋转值和缩放值被重置
Matrix m = new Matrix();
m.preScale(3f,1f);
m.preTranslate(200f, 100f);
m.postScale(0.5f, 1f);
m.postTranslate(100f, 0f);
先进行平移(200f, 100f),然后进行缩放(3f, 1f),然后进行缩放(0.5f, 1f),最后进行平移(100f, 0f)
Matrix m = new Matrix();
m.postTranslate(200f, 0f);
m.preScale(0.5f, 1f);
m.setScale(1f, 1f);
m.postScale(5f, 1f);
m.preTranslate(200f, 100f);
先进行平移(200f, 100f),然后进行缩放(1f, 1f),最后进行缩放(5f, 1f)。因为用了set方法所以平移(200f, 0f)和缩放(0.5f, 1f)被覆盖,不起作用
假如先进行平移(x, y),再进行缩放(sx, sy),那么看到的平移效果等同于(x*sx, y*sy),因为缩放是将整个画布或者坐标系进行缩放的
Canvas
Canvas相当于Android的画布,可以把画布想象成一块内存空间,也就是一个Bitmap。Canvas的API提供一整套在这个Bitmap上进行绘图的操作方法。
使用指定的矩阵绘制位图,绘制的时候会使用矩阵进行变换,矩阵和画笔可以传入空值
将传入的源图bitmap指定的矩形区域src绘制到目标矩形区域dst中,如果矩形区域src传入空值,则表示绘制整个源图到目标矩形区域dst中,绘制的时候源图或子集自动缩放/平移以填充目标矩形。如果绘制对应的画笔通过方法setMaskFilter指定了超出原始位图宽/高的掩码过滤器(如BlurMaskFilter),则会位图将继续被绘制,就像在具有CLAMP模式的着色器中一样。因此,原始宽/高之外的颜色将是复制的边缘颜色。因为源矩形区域src对应的坐标空间是相对于源图的,而目标矩形区域dst对应的坐标空间是绘制视图对应的坐标空间,因此要控制好对应的缩放因子。
矩阵示例:
Bitmap background = Bitmap.createBitmap((int)width, (int)height, Config.ARGB_8888);
float originalWidth = originalImage.getWidth();
float originalHeight = originalImage.getHeight();
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(background);
float scale = width / originalWidth;
float xTranslation = 0.0f;
float yTranslation = (height - originalHeight * scale) / 2.0f;
Matrix transformation = new Matrix();
transformation.postTranslate(xTranslation, yTranslation);
transformation.preScale(scale, scale);
Paint paint = new Paint();
paint.setFilterBitmap(true);
canvas.drawBitmap(originalImage, transformation, paint);
矩形区域示例:
public Bitmap cropCircle(Bitmap bitmap) {
Bitmap output = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap.getWidth(),
bitmap.getHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(output);
final int color = 0xff424242;
final Paint paint = new Paint();
final Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight());
paint.setAntiAlias(true);
canvas.drawARGB(0, 0, 0, 0);
paint.setColor(color);
canvas.drawCircle(bitmap.getWidth() / 2, bitmap.getHeight() / 2,
bitmap.getWidth()/2, paint);
paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.SRC_IN));
canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, rect, rect, paint);
return output;
}
Bitmap
位图,点阵图,可以理解为int[] buffer,用来存储每个像素点的容器。
createBitmap生成示例:
public Bitmap transform(Bitmap source) {
int size = Math.min(source.getWidth(), source.getHeight());
int x = (source.getWidth() - size) / 2;
int y = (source.getHeight() - size) / 2;
Bitmap squaredBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(source, x, y, size, size);
if (squaredBitmap != source) {
source.recycle();
}
Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(size, size, source.getConfig());
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
Paint avatarPaint = new Paint();
BitmapShader shader = new BitmapShader(squaredBitmap, BitmapShader.TileMode.CLAMP, BitmapShader.TileMode.CLAMP);
avatarPaint.setShader(shader);
Paint outlinePaint = new Paint();
outlinePaint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
outlinePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
outlinePaint.setStrokeWidth(STROKE_WIDTH);
outlinePaint.setAntiAlias(true);
float r = size / 2f;
canvas.drawCircle(r, r, r, avatarPaint);
canvas.drawCircle(r, r, r - STROKE_WIDTH / 2, outlinePaint);
squaredBitmap.recycle();
return bitmap;
}
BitmapFactory生成示例:
private static Bitmap decodeSampledBitmapFromUrl(String url, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) throws IOException {
// First decode with inJustDecodeBounds=true to check dimensions
final Options options = new Options();
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
InputStream stream = fetchStream(url);
BitmapFactory.decodeStream(stream, null, options);
stream.close();
// Calculate inSampleSize
options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options, reqWidth, reqHeight);
// Decode bitmap with inSampleSize set
options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
stream = fetchStream(url);
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(stream, null, options);
stream.close();
return bitmap;
}
private static InputStream fetchStream(String urlString) throws IllegalStateException, IOException {
DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet request = new HttpGet(urlString);
HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);
return response.getEntity().getContent();
}
private static int calculateInSampleSize(Options options, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
// Raw height and width of image
final int height = options.outHeight;
final int width = options.outWidth;
int inSampleSize = 1;
if (height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) {
// Calculate ratios of height and width to requested height and width
final int heightRatio = Math.round((float) height / (float) reqHeight);
final int widthRatio = Math.round((float) width / (float) reqWidth);
// Choose the smallest ratio as inSampleSize value, this will guarantee
// a final image with both dimensions larger than or equal to the
// requested height and width.
inSampleSize = heightRatio < widthRatio ? heightRatio : widthRatio;
}
return inSampleSize;
}
注意:通过Bitmap.createBitmap生成的Bitmap对象是可变对象,可以向Bitmap上绘制内容,而通过BitmapFactory生成的Bitmap对象必须指定BitmapFactory.Options.inMutable = true,否则就是不可变对象,不能向上面绘制内容。
感谢大家的支持,如有错误请指正,如需转载请标明原文出处!
到此这篇关于Android Canvas和Bitmap结合绘图详解流程的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Android 绘图内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!
您可能感兴趣的文章:
- .NET Core系列之MemoryCache 初识
- 007手机一键Root(安机网一键Root) v3.0 官方最新版 一键ROOT您的Android手机
- 12306密码被盗了怎么办?12306密码外泄解决方法
- 12个字的qq网名
- 150M迷你型无线路由器怎么设置?
- 192.168.1.1打不开怎么办?路由器192.168.1.1打不开的原因以及解决办法
- 2011年电子报合订本 电子报 编辑部 中文 PDF版 [84M]
- 2015年1月15日小米新旗舰发布会现场图文直播
- 2016.3.1vivo Xplay5新品发布会现场视频直播 优酷直播
- 2016华为P9发布会视频直播地址 4月15日华为P9国行发布会直播
相关文章
- Android显示系统SurfaceFlinger详解
- Android 动画之ScaleAnimation应用详解
- 51米多多 for android v3.3.5 安卓版
- Android一键root工具SuperOneClick软件使用教程图文
- AndroidHttpClient使用Cookie应用分析
- Android布局中margin与padding的区别及说明
- Android用于加载xml的LayoutInflater源码超详细分析
- Android定时器实现定时执行、重复执行、定时重复执行、定次数执行的多种方式
- Android入门之利用Spinner实现弹出选择对话框
- Android开发之菜单(menu)用法实例分析